The Best Lures and Baits for Freshwater Fishing

Choosing the right bait can make all the difference when it comes to freshwater fishing. Whether you’re fishing for catfish, trout, bass, or panfish, using the proper bait increases your chances of success. But with so many options available, how do you know which is best for your target fish? This guide breaks down some of the most effective freshwater baits, from natural options like worms and minnows to homemade alternatives. Remember to always check local fishing regulations to ensure that the bait you choose is legal in the waters you’re fishing.

Cut Fishing Bait

Cut bait, made from pieces of fish, is a great option when fishing for species like catfish and carp, which are attracted to scent. The scent from cut bait travels through the water, drawing fish in from a distance. You can use any small fish caught in the same waters as your cut bait, scaling it but leaving the skin on for better durability. For best results, cut the fish into strips or chunks and hook it through the skin to keep it intact. This method is especially effective when fishing in areas where scent-driven fish species dominate.

Leeches

Leeches are an excellent choice for catching walleye and northern pike. When using leeches, it’s important to hook them properly to mimic their natural swimming action, which is what attracts fish. Hook them through the sucker disk at the tail, as this allows them to move freely in the water. Leeches can last a long time if kept in cool, moist environments, making them a reliable and effective bait. You can store them in a refrigerator for several days, making them a great choice for anglers who plan on multiple fishing trips.

Dough Balls

Prepared fishing baits, commonly known as dough balls, are a popular choice for anglers targeting catfish, carp, and other bottom-feeding fish. These baits are easy to mold around a hook and come in various flavors designed to appeal to specific species. You can buy them from bait shops or make your own with a simple recipe. Homemade dough balls typically include ingredients like flour, cornmeal, sugar, and flavor agents such as garlic or molasses. When fished correctly, dough balls provide an affordable and effective alternative to live bait.

Minnows

Minnows are one of the most versatile and widely used freshwater baits. They work well for a variety of fish species, including bass, pike, and trout. You can either purchase minnows from bait shops or catch your own if local regulations allow. When using minnows, hook them through the lips or tail for active fishing techniques like casting and retrieving. For still fishing, hook the minnow through the back just above the dorsal fin to keep it alive longer. This bait mimics the natural prey of many freshwater species, making it a top choice for anglers.